Olivetti M10 PORTABLE COMPUTER Operations Guide


                 A.  SUMMARY OF TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Dimensions
30 x 22 x 6 cm (11 3/4 x 8 1/2 x 2 3/8 in.).

Weight
1900 grammes (4lb 3oz).

Power Supply

6V DC either from 4 x 1.5V size AA dry cells or from AC mains supply  via 
AC adaptor.

Microprocessor
8OC85 (8 bits CPU).

RAM

8k byte standard, expandable to 32k.

ROM

32k byte standard, expandable to 64k.

M10 Operations Guide	A-1



                        B.  BASIC ERROR MESSAGES

Errors are indicated on the M10 by the  error  codes  listed  below.  The 
error  numbers are the integers recognized by BASIC and must be specified 
when an ERROR statement is used. The errors are also listed in  numerical 
order.  A  maximum  of  255 codes are available, but not all of these are 
used. Unused error numbers are not listed and some of the  error  numbers 
produce  an unprintable error code, UE.  This applies for all the nunbers 
which may be allocated in the future.


ERROR

CODE    NO.  DESCRIPTION
AO     53  File already open: a sequential output

mode OPEN has been issued for a file that 

is already open; or a KILL has been 

attempted on an open file.
BS     9  Subscript out of range: an array element

has been referenced with a subscript that 

is outside the dimensions of the array, 

or the wrong number of subscripts have 

been given.
BN     51  Bad file number: a statement or command

references a file with a file number that 

is not open or is out of the range of 

numbers specified by the MAXFILES 

statement.
CF     58  File not open: the file specified in a

PRINT , INPUT , or similar statement has 

not been opened.
CN     17  Cannot continue: an attempt has been made

to continue a program that cannot be

continued for one of the following

reasons:

1. 1t has stopped due to an error.

2. lt has been modified during a break

in execution.

3. It does not exist.
DD     10  Redimensioned array: two DIN statements

have been given for the same array, or 

a DIN statement has been given for an


Operations Guide	B-1




 array after the default dimension has 

been established.
Ds     56  Direct statement in file: a direct

statement has been found while loading 

an ASCII format file and the LOAD is 

stopped.
EF     54  Input past end: an input statement has
been attempted, either after all the data 

in the file has been input, or for an 

empty file. Use the EOF function to 

detect the end of a file to avoid this 

error.
FC     5  Illegal function call: a parameter that

is out of range is passed to a numeric

or string function. This error will also

be produced as a result of:

1. A subscript which is negative or

greater than the maximum permitted.

2. A negative or zero argument with LOF.

3. A negative araument with SQR.

4. An incorrect argument with:

INP, INSTR, LEFTY, AIDS,

ON...GOTO, OUT, PEEK, POKE,

RIGHT$, SPACE$ or STRING$.
FF     52  File not found: a LOAD, KILI or OPEN

statement references a file that does 

not exist in memory.
FL     57  Too many files: an attempt has been made

to create a new file using SAVE or OPEN 

when all directory entries are full.
Ip     12  Illegal direct: a statement that is

illegal in direct mode has been entered 

as a direct command.
IE     50  Internal error: an internal fault has

occurred. Contact your local dealer.
Ip     18  Input/Output error: an input/output error

has occurred on a cassette, printer or 

VDU operation. 1t is a fatal error, i.e. 

BASIC cannot recover.
LS     15  String too long: an attempt has been made

to create a string more than 255 

characters long.
MO     22  Missing operand: an expression contains

an operator with no operand following 

it.



B-2




NF     1  NEXT without FOR: a variable in a NEXT

statement does not correspond to any 

previously executed, unmatched FOR 

stateinent variable.
NM     55  Bad file name: an illegal form has been

used for a file name specified with LOAD, 

SAVE, KILL, NANE, etc.
NR     19  No RESUME: an error trapping routine has

been started but it contains no RESUME 

statement.
OD     4  Out of data: a READ statement has been

attempted when there are no DATA 

statements with unread data remaining 

in the program.
OM     7  Out of memory: a program is too large;

has too many files, FOR loops, GOSUBs, 

or variables; or it contains expressions 

that are too complex.
OS     14  Out of string space: string variables

have caused BASIC to exceed the amount
 
of free memory remaining. BASIC will 

allocate string space dynamically until 

it runs out of memory.
OV     6  Overflow: the result of a calculation

is too large to be represented in BASIC's 

number format.
RG     3  RETURN without GOSUB: a RETURN statement

has been encountered for which there is 

no previous, unmatched GOSUB statement.
RW     20  RESUME without error: a RESUME statement

has been found before an error trapping 

routine has been entered.
SN     2  Syntax error: a line has been found that

contains an incorrect sequence of 

characters, e.g. unmatched parenthesis, 

misspelt keyword, or incorrect 

punctuation.
ST     16  String formula too complex: a string

expression is too long or complex. It 

should be split into shorter expressions.
TM     13  Type mismatch: a string variable name

has been given a numeric value, or vice
 
versa. Alternatively, a function that 

requires a numeric argument has been 

given a string argument, or vice versa.


Operations Guide	B-3



B-4


UE     21  Unprintable error: an error message is

not available for the error condition 
which exists.

UE   23-49  Unprintable error: these codes are

undefined and should be reserved for
 
future expansion in BASIC.

UE   59-255  Unprintable error: thes codes are

undefined and may be allocated by the
 
user.

UL     8  Undefined line: a line reference in a

GOTO, GOSUB, or IF...THEN...ELSE
 
statement is to a nonexistent line.

/0     11  Division by zero: An attempt has been

made to divide  by zero in an expression,
 
or the operation of involution results
 
in zero being raised to a negative power.





The following table lists the above codes in numerical order.

    1     NF                NEXT without FOR.
    2     SN     	Syntax error.
    3     RG     	RETURN without GOSUB.
    4     OD     	Out of data.
    5     FC     	Illegal function call.
    6     OV     	Overflow.
    7     OM     	Out of memory.
    8     UL     	Undefined line.
    9     BS     	Sub-script out of range.
   10     DD     	Redimensioned array.
   11     /0     	Division by zero.
   12     ID     	Illegal direct.
   13     TM     	Type mismatch.
   14     05     	Out of string space.
   15     LS     	String too long.
   16     ST     	String formula too complex.
   17     CN     	Cannot continue.
   18     IO     	Input/Output error.
   19     NR     	No RESUME.
   20     RW     	RESUME without error.
   21     UE     	Unprintable error.
   22     MO     	Missing operand.
   23-49  UE     	Unprintable errors.
   50     IE     	Internal error.
   51     BN     	Bad file number.
   52     FF     	File not found.
   53     AO     	File already open.
   54     EF     	Input past end.
   55     NN     	Bad file name.
   56     DS     	Direct statement in file.
   57     FL     	Too many files.
   58     CF     	File not open.
   59-255 UE     	Unprintable error.

Operations Guide	B-5



                 C.  THE OLIVETTI MC 10 MODEM COUPLER

GENERAL

The Olivetti MC 10 Modem Coupler is specially designed for use  with  the 
M10  personal  computer  without  integrated modem. It consists of a data 
modem which can be acoustically coupled to a standard switched  telephone 
line.   By  means  of this equipment, the TELCOM option of the M10 can be 
fully exploited for data communication with a remote computer system.

The specifications of the MC 10 Modem Coupler conform to the  recommenda-
tions  of  the  CCITT on data transmission in switched telephone networks 
(Fascicle VIII - Rec. V.21).

The MC 10 is compatible with equipment having either a V.Z4/V.Z8 CCTTT or 
RS-232C  EIA interface. It operates on the dual-channel full duplex prin-
ciple. Channel 1 corresponds to the ORIGINATE/CAL mode, Channel 2 to  the 
ANSWER/ANS  mode  of operation. The first mode is for calling a host com-
puter system or data service, the second for  replying  to  a  call  from 
another computer.

The MC 10 is powered by a 12V DC supply either from its internal  battery 
of  8  x  1.5V AN dry cells or from an external power supply connected to 
the mains.

M10 Operations Guide	C-1



TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Operating Mode :                   Full duplex, Channel 1 and Channel 2

Data :                             Binary, serial or asynchronous.

Data Signalling Rate :             300 baud maximum

Transmission Frequencies           Channel 1   980 Hz (NARK)
                                              1180 Hz (SPACE)

                                   Channel 2  1650 Hz (MARK)
                                              1850 Hz (SPACE)

Receiving Frequencies              Channel 1  1650 Hz (MARK)
                                              1850 Hz (SPACE)

                                   Channel 2   980 Hz (MARK)
                                              1180 Hz (SPACE)

Transmission Level                 -18 dBm  measured  at  the  telephone
                                   output to the line.

Receive Sensitivity :              -43 dBm

Modulation :                       FSK (Frequency Shift Keying)

Nominal delay between request to 
send (C105) and ready for sending
(C106) :                           from OFF to ON, 30 ms
                                   from ON to OFF,   1 ms

Nominal delay of data channel 
received line signal detector
(C 109):                           from OFF to ON,   1 s
                                   from ON to OFF,  80 ms

Power Supply :                     8 x 1.5V AM batteries, type IEC  LR6,
                                   AA SIZE or UM/SUN-3.

                                   Alternatively, an external power sup-
                                   ply may be used.

Power Rating :                     0.5 W

Temperature :                      0° C to 40° C

Relative Humidity :                up to 90%

Data Interface :                   According  to  CCITT  Recommendations
                                   V.24/V.28 or RS-232C EIA Standard.

Interchange Circuits :             25-pin male connector with  the  con-
                                   nections shown in Fig. C-1.

C-2




PIN  CCITT NO.      EIA CODE	DESIGNATION
7  102  AB  Signal ground
2  103  BA  Transmitted data
3  104  BB  Received data
4  105  CA  Request to send
5  106  CB  Ready for sending
6  107  CC  Data set ready
20  108/2  CD  Data terminal ready
8  109  CF  Data Channel Received

Line Signal Detector
9  -  -  +6V Test Voltage
10  -  -  -6V Test Voltage


Fig.  C-1  Interchange Circuits

M10 Operations Guide	C-3



SWITCHES AND LAMPS

The status of the MC 10 is controlled and indicated by two switches and a 
lamp respectively.

The lamp is located on the top of the  unit,  between  the  cups  of  the 
coupler, beside the power ON/OFF switch (see Fiq. C-2). 1t gives the fol-
lowing indications:

-   Flashing green: this means that the MC 10 is switched on but not  yet 
    in communication with another computer.

-   Continuous green: this means that the MC 10 is  switched  on  and  in 
    communication with another computer.

-   Continuous red: this means that the battery voltage has fallen  below 
    the  necessary  threshold for reliable operation and the cells should 
    be replaced at once.

The switch beside the indicator lamp is the power ON/OFF switch.

On the underside of the unit is located the ANS/CAL switch.  This  switch 
is the channel selector.

-   In position CAL, Channel 1 is selected, in accordance with the  CCITT 
    recommendation  or  the  EIA  specification  for ORlGINATE MODE. This 
    position is selected when the user is calling a host computer system.

-   In position ANS, Channel 2 is selected, corresponding  to  the  CCITT 
    recommendation  or  the E1A specification for ANSWER MODE. This posi-
    tion is selected when a call is received from another  computer  sys-
    tem.

C-4





Fig.  C-2  The MC 10 Modem Coupler

M10 Operations Guide	C-5



INSTALLATION

On first installing the NC 10 for operation, it should be set up  in  the 
following way:

1.  Verify that the power ON/OFF switch on the  upper  panel  is  in  the 
    position OFF.

2.  On the underside, remove the cover  of  the  battery  compartment  by 
    sliding  it  in  the  direction  of  the  arrow engraved on the cover 
    itself.  Insert the batteries (supplied with the NC 10) in  the  com-
    partment,  ensuring that the correct polarities are respected.  These 
    polarities are marked on  the  inside  of  the  battery  compartment. 
    Replace the cover.

3.  Set the ANS/CAL switch to the appropriate position for the  operation 
    you are going to carry out (see Chapter 8 for details of data commun-
    ications operations, using the M10).

4.  Attach the MC 10 cable to the RS-232C interface on the M10 computer.

The MC 10 is now connected for data communication operation.

DATA COMMUNICATION OPERATION WITH THE MC 10

This section should be used in conjunction with  Chapter  8  of  the  M10 
Operations Guide. 1f you are preparing for remote data communication with 
a host computer system, proceed as follows:

1.  Having first connected the NC10 cable to the RS-232C  interface  con-
    nector  on  the  rear  panel of the M10 and set the ANS/CAL switch to 
    CAL, turn the power ON/OFF switch on the NC 10 to ON.  The  indicator 
    lamp on the top panel will show a flashing green light.

2.  Access the TELCOM application program on the M10.

3.  Lift the telephone receiver and dial the number of the host system.

    If the host system is equipped with an automatic connection for  data 
    transmission,  you will hear a high-pitched continuous tone, indicat-
    ing that the connection has been established.

    If the host system is manual, you must ask the  operator  to  connect 
    you  for data transmission. When you hear the high-pitched continuous 
    tone, the data connection has heen established.

4.  As soon as the connection has been established, place  the  telephone 
    handset in the cradle of the MC 10, making sure that the ear-piece is 
    connected first and that the mouth-piece is  inserted  into  the  cup 
    marked CORD. Press <F4> on the M10 to access the Terminal mode of the 
    TELCOM program.

    After a moment, the indicator lamp on the top panel will show a  con-
    tinuous green light.

C-6



5.  The system is now  ready  for  data  transmission.  Details  nf  data 
    transmission using the M10/tlC 10 combination are given in Chapter 8.

When the data transmission operation has been  terminated,  the  receiver 
should  be  removed  from the modem coupler and replaced on the telephone 
cradle.

M10 Operations Guide	C-7

ERROR CODE NO.	DESCRIPTION
AO 53	File already open: a sequential output mode OPEN has been issued for a file that is already open; or a KILL has been attempted on an open file.
BS 9	Subscript out of range: an array element has been referenced with a subscript that is outside the dimensions of the array, or the wrong number of subscripts have been given.
BN 51	Bad file number: a statement or command references a file with a file number that is not open or is out of the range of numbers specified by the MAXFILES statement.
CF 58	File not open: the file specified in a PRINT , INPUT , or similar statement has not been opened.
CN 17	Cannot continue: an attempt has been made to continue a program that cannot be continued for one of the following reasons: 1. 1t has stopped due to an error. 2. lt has been modified during a break in execution. 3. It does not exist.
DD 10	Redimensioned array: two DIN statements have been given for the same array, or a DIN statement has been given for an

	array after the default dimension has been established.
Ds 56	Direct statement in file: a direct statement has been found while loading an ASCII format file and the LOAD is stopped.
EF 54	Input past end: an input statement has been attempted, either after all the data in the file has been input, or for an empty file. Use the EOF function to detect the end of a file to avoid this error.
FC 5	Illegal function call: a parameter that is out of range is passed to a numeric or string function. This error will also be produced as a result of: 1. A subscript which is negative or greater than the maximum permitted. 2. A negative or zero argument with LOF. 3. A negative araument with SQR. 4. An incorrect argument with: INP, INSTR, LEFTY, AIDS, ON...GOTO, OUT, PEEK, POKE, RIGHT$, SPACE$ or STRING$.
FF 52	File not found: a LOAD, KILI or OPEN statement references a file that does not exist in memory.
FL 57	Too many files: an attempt has been made to create a new file using SAVE or OPEN when all directory entries are full.
Ip 12	Illegal direct: a statement that is illegal in direct mode has been entered as a direct command.
IE 50	Internal error: an internal fault has occurred. Contact your local dealer.
Ip 18	Input/Output error: an input/output error has occurred on a cassette, printer or VDU operation. 1t is a fatal error, i.e. BASIC cannot recover.
LS 15	String too long: an attempt has been made to create a string more than 255 characters long.
MO 22	Missing operand: an expression contains an operator with no operand following it.

NF 1	NEXT without FOR: a variable in a NEXT statement does not correspond to any previously executed, unmatched FOR stateinent variable.
NM 55	Bad file name: an illegal form has been used for a file name specified with LOAD, SAVE, KILL, NANE, etc.
NR 19	No RESUME: an error trapping routine has been started but it contains no RESUME statement.
OD 4	Out of data: a READ statement has been attempted when there are no DATA statements with unread data remaining in the program.
OM 7	Out of memory: a program is too large; has too many files, FOR loops, GOSUBs, or variables; or it contains expressions that are too complex.
OS 14	Out of string space: string variables have caused BASIC to exceed the amount of free memory remaining. BASIC will allocate string space dynamically until it runs out of memory.
OV 6	Overflow: the result of a calculation is too large to be represented in BASIC's number format.
RG 3	RETURN without GOSUB: a RETURN statement has been encountered for which there is no previous, unmatched GOSUB statement.
RW 20	RESUME without error: a RESUME statement has been found before an error trapping routine has been entered.
SN 2	Syntax error: a line has been found that contains an incorrect sequence of characters, e.g. unmatched parenthesis, misspelt keyword, or incorrect punctuation.
ST 16	String formula too complex: a string expression is too long or complex. It should be split into shorter expressions.
TM 13	Type mismatch: a string variable name has been given a numeric value, or vice versa. Alternatively, a function that requires a numeric argument has been given a string argument, or vice versa.

UE 21	Unprintable error: an error message is not available for the error condition which exists.
UE 23-49	Unprintable error: these codes are undefined and should be reserved for future expansion in BASIC.
UE 59-255	Unprintable error: thes codes are undefined and may be allocated by the user.
UL 8	Undefined line: a line reference in a GOTO, GOSUB, or IF...THEN...ELSE statement is to a nonexistent line.
/0 11	Division by zero: An attempt has been made to divide by zero in an expression, or the operation of involution results in zero being raised to a negative power.

PIN	CCITT NO.	EIA CODE DESIGNATION
7	102	AB	Signal ground
2	103	BA	Transmitted data
3	104	BB	Received data
4	105	CA	Request to send
5	106	CB	Ready for sending
6	107	CC	Data set ready
20	108/2	CD	Data terminal ready
8	109	CF	Data Channel Received Line Signal Detector
9	-	-	+6V Test Voltage
10	-	-	-6V Test Voltage